And : 1,827,957 (shared on boundary) and protection of civilian population (PCP) action in Cameroon. The availability of data from poorly explored areas in the country is important in reaching a general conclusion about the dynamics of malaria transmission and distribution based on altitudinal differences. While agriculture remains the largest employment sector across the two regions, employing 47 per cent and 44 per cent of workers in the NorthWest and South-West respectively, larger cash crop plantations are mostly located in the South-West while the North-West mainly relies on small-scale farming. Part 1. Yellowknife, Northwest Territories: Thousands scramble to Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. WebThe Southwest Region or South-West Region (French: Rgion du Sud-Ouest) is a region in Cameroon.Its capital is Buea. Traditional Rulers: Agents of Reconciliation and - HRLRC Omondi C, Onguru D, Kamau M, Lucy N, Mark OG, Estambale B. Perennial transmission of malaria in the low altitude areas of Baringo County. Bamenda 53 (April 2023). Cameroon is a lower-middle-income country with a population of over 27.2 million (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04438-6, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04438-6. , its population was 1,553,320. 55 (June 2023) Format Situation Report Source. 1 Figure includes North-West, South-West, Littoral, West, Adamawa, and Centre regions. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. statement and Teenage pregnancy and its predictors in Africa: A systematic Although there has been some economic progress, poverty remains a significant problem. Front Immunol. B.C. under state of emergency as fast-moving wildfire destroys Available from: http//www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2020. Webdistrict in the North-West and in the Mamfe health district in the South-West. Google Scholar. Prevalence of malaria and associated clinical manifestations and myeloperoxidase amongst populations living in different altitudes of Mezam division, North West Region, Cameroon, $$ \begin{gathered} {\text{Sample}}\,size\, = \,z^{2} pq/e.^{2} \hfill \\ {\text{Malaria prevalence }}\left( {\text{P}} \right)\, = \,0. Current ratio of men and women in absolute and relative values in North-West Region, Cameroon. Trends in malaria prevalence and risk factors associated with the Region As a result, parts of some ethnic groups now lie in different divisions and provinces. In the positive patients, the WBC level was higher in Santa as compared to Bambili (p=0.000eh) and Bamenda (p=0.006eb). In addition, immunity against malaria parasite involves a cascade of immune responses including cellular immunity. Cameroon As shown on Table 7, irrespective of the study area, patients who tested positive for P. falciparum had significantly (t=2.803, p=0.003) higher mean myeloperoxidase levels (2.5540.437) than patients who were negative (2.1170.862). Generally, malaria patients in all the study areas had significantly elevated platelet counts compared to non-infected participants. Maroua (Fula: Marwa ) is the capital of the Far North Region of Cameroon, stretching along the banks of the Ferngo and Kaliao Rivers, in the foothills of the Mandara Mountains. 2009. Article Ntonifor HN, Chewa JS, Oumar M, Mbouobda HD. The North West region of Cameroon is located at 6.33 longitude North and 10.5 latitude east of the Greenwich Meridian and has a surface area of 17.910km 2 (Fig 1). Participants were natives and visitors that had resided in the selected communities for at least three months. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Bamenda, BP 39, Bambili, N. W. Region, Cameroon, Ntonifor Helen Ngum,Ngahbort Belthine Fakeh,Abongwa Edith Lem&Oumar Mahamat, African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases (ACEGID), Redeemers University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria, You can also search for this author in 2008;8:252326. The city had a population of about 800,000 people at the 2012 Census, and is located 366 km (227 mi) north-west of the Cameroonian capital, Yaound. Most of the displacements are pendular and temporary, as displaced persons return to their homes once the security situation allows. Cochran WG. An estimated 37.5 per cent of the countrys population lives below the poverty line,2 with that figure rising above 70 per cent in some regions. There was a significant risk to have malaria infection in Bambili (OR=33.367, p=0.021) than in Santa (OR=2.309, p=0.362). WHO. This graph provides information about the dynamics of changes in the quantitative composition of North-West Region, Cameroon population: the Total number of inhabitants, the number of men, the number of women, and the average age of North-West Region, Cameroon inhabitants. Insecurity is expected to remain high in the Far North and NWSW regions in 2023 and will continue to cause population displacement, exacerbating limited access to food and The conflict with the NSAGs has both amplified and concealed criminal activities and pre-existing inter-community conflicts in the Far North. 2003;2:28. Myeloperoxidase attenuates pathogen clearance during Plasmodium yoelii nonlethal infection. Anaemia was further classified as mild (Hb 10.010.9g/dL), moderate (Hb 79.9g/dL) and severe (Hb<7g/dL) [21]. Security environment, Widespread insecurity in the Lake Chad basin and border area with Nigeria continued to affect the Far North region in 2022. The thin films were fixed using methanol for 10s. Later, both films were stained using 10% Giemsa for 10min, then carefully washed and the slides air dried using a hair dryer (Xtava, Allure Co. Ltd, USA). The capital is NDjamena. This Cameroon: North-West and South-West - Situation Report No. At enrolment, patients facial skin temperatures were measured using an infrared forehead digital thermometer (HTD8813C, Hetaida Technology Co. Ltd, China) and the results recorded in degree Celsius. The situation in the North-West and South-West (NWSW) regions remained concerning, characterized by continued fighting between State security forces (SSF) and non-State armed groups (NSAG), among different NSAG factions, targeted attacks, destruction of property, arbitrary arrest, kidnappings for ransom, extortion of money and continued use of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). 126 children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) admitted for treatment in the North-West (NW) and South-West (SW) regions. Patients had significant increase of geometric mean malaria parasite density (GMPD) in Bambili (1755216 parasites/L) and Bamenda (10602515 parasites/L of blood) than patients in Santa (737799 parasites/L). 2013;12:193. The United Nations estimated that its population would be 70% urban by 2070. Finally, the existence of large livestock markets in the Lake Chad basin region has encouraged livestock theft, with cattle rustlers starting to work for NSAGs: 30,000 oxen were stolen in the region between 2014 and 2021.11. Frontiers | Implications of Climatic Stressors on Agro-Pastoral The cut off point for statistical significance between groups was set at probability level p0.05. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Cameroon: Humanitarian Dashboard (January to March 2023), Cameroon 2023 Humanitarian Response Plan (March 2023), Cameroon: Humanitarian Dashboard (January to December 2022), Cameroun : Extrme-Nord, Rapport de situation No. Majority of the patients in Santa, Bamenda, and in the entire study population suffered mild malaria infection with the exception of patients in Bambili where they were moderately infected. It amplified them by developing relationships between the NSAGs and local criminal groups and concealed them by redirecting the attention and resources of authorities on the fight against NSAGs to the detriment of other security issues. Cameroon: New Abuses by Both Sides MPO level had an increasing trend among infected participants in Santa (2.3780.250), Bambili (2.5820.482) and Bamenda (2.6350.466). In Logone Birni, 43 per cent of young people between 15 and 24 years do not go to school nor work.4, The North-West and South-West regions make a significant contribution to the national economy, especially with regards to the production and export of cash crops. The presence of SSF is concentrated along the main roads and cities, leaving many rural areas under the influence of NSAGs, and civilians exposed to risks arising from regular clashes between SSF and NSAGs as well as armed violence among rival armed groups. Before the crisis, 70 percent of the population of the North West depended on agriculture. The MannWhitney U test and KruskalWallis Test were used to analyse the mean differences between groups for non-parametric data such as prevalence. Malaria was significantly more prevalent among patients that were 610years in the entire study. Malar J. Formal analysis: OM and NHN. 2016;85:e00475-e516. 15 May 2023. Population living in Bambili of high altitude had high malaria parasite density. WebGeorgia. The Northwest Region (known before 2008 as the Northwest Province) is the third most populated province in Cameroon. Cameroon Map of Bambili, Bamenda and Santa in the Mezam Division (February, 2021). United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. There was equally a significant (F=87.390, p=0.000twz) difference in the mean white blood cell count among patients resident in the different geographical study areas. WebFunding requirements for 2023 Donate. Considering the geographic settings of the study areas, male patients in Bamenda and Bambili recorded significant higher malaria parasitaemia than males in Santa. The study was carried out in Bamenda, Bambili, and Santa localities all found in Mezam division of the North West Region of Cameroon. CAS Population 2023 Web1 Figures include North-West, South-West, Littoral, West, Adamawa and Centre regions (rounded up to the first decimal place). However, these data are not enough to reach a general conclusion about the altitudinal implication of malaria transmission and distribution in Cameroon due to lack of data points in other endemic areas of the country with apparent variation in altitude and other related climatic factors like temperature and humidity. WebA lower-middle-income country with over 26 million people, Cameroon ranks 153 out of 189 countries in the 2020 Human Development Index.While the country experienced consistent economic growth averaging 4.3 percent per year for a decade up to 2019, poverty levels have remained steady.. Over 55 percent of Cameroonians live in poverty which affects several Cameroon + 1 more. Some studies have reported high malaria transmission in lower altitudinal regions in Cameroon [3], while other studies were of the opinion that altitudinal changes influenced the distribution and density of malaria parasitaemia [4,5,6]. Out of the 43,7% infected patients in the three localities, 87.2% (\(136/156)\) had asymptomatic malaria though the differences were not statistically significant (p=0.169) when compared to asymptomatic cases in the three localities. Attacks against school staff and educational premises continued. et al. Cameroon CAMEROON Oumar M, Chungong NM, Tume C. Alleviated immunological activities of wistar rat peritoneal neutrophils and macrophages by polysaccharide rich extract from the fruit bodies of Microporus vernicipes (Polyporales). Generally, patients that tested positive for P. falciparum in the entire study registered lower haemoglobin concentration than patients that were negative and falciparum malaria patients in Bamenda were presented with mild anaemia as a result of lower haemoglobin concentration than patients in Santa and Bambili. Inclusive Education for Students with Hearing Impairment in the Regular Secondary Schools in the North-West Region of Cameroon: Initiatives and Challenges Beryl Ndongwa Bamu Department of Special Needs Education, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium Correspondence berylndongwa.bamu@ugent.be
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