how are orthodox patriarchs chosen

His Eminence Archbishop Elpidophoros (Lambriniadis) of America was born in 1967 in Bakirky, Istanbul. Accordingly, all of the canons related to choosing the bishop of a diocese, and in particular, transferring a bishop from one diocese to another, apply in the process of choosing the Patriarch. During the first two centuries of our era, though Egypt enjoyed unusual quiet, little is known of the ecclesiastical history of its chief see, beyond a barren list of the names of its patriarchs, handed down to us chiefly through the church historian Eusebius. He may or may not have provincial oversight of suffragan bishops. WebPatriarch Bartholomews roles as the primary spiritual leader of the Orthodox Christian world and a transnational figure of global significance continue to become more vital Grand Opening of Holy Resurrection American Coptic Orthodox Church New Building! But neither Rome nor Alexandria recognized the claim until many years later. Athanasios Patelaros, Patriarch of Constantinople. Chapter VI presents general provisions in Articles 26-36. The Committee received proposals from the members of the Holy Synod and reviewed the process in other churches. Historically, this office has included the designation "pope" (etymologically "Father", like "Abbot"). The Diocese of Sourozh, the diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate) in Great Britain and Ireland, is an example. Oxford University Press. The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. Patriarch (Greek: patriarches, Latin: patriarcha) is the specific title given to the primate of certain of the autocephalous Orthodox churches. At other times at services, the bishop may wear a shorter omophorion that has both ends hanging down the front called the small omophorion. In a special session that lasted seven hours, the Holy Synod voted on the following regulations which were presented by the Committee for Nominations. Whereas, the bishop of the larger administrative district, diocese, came to be called an exarch. Following the break up of the Ottoman State in the 19thand early 20thcenturies and the rise of nationalism in the Balkans the Ecumenical Patriarchate was compelled to grant autocephaly to the emerging national churches including Greece, Serbia, Romania, Albania and Bulgaria. The equivalent title in the Roman Catholic Church is "Vicar Apostolic.". This site has been made possible by a grant from Leadership 100. A ruling bishop or diocesan bishop is responsible for and the head of all the parishes located in his a particular geographical territory, called a diocese or archdiocese. His Holiness Pope Tawadros II issued a papal decree to the Committee for Nominations headed by His Eminence Metropolitan Pakhomios to prepare new regulations to choose the Pope. [6], The earliest record of this title was regarding Pope Heraclas of Alexandria (227240) in a letter written by his successor, Pope Dionysius of Alexandria, to Philemon (a Roman presbyter): " . This includes the convening of councils or meetings, facilitating inter-church and inter-faith dialogues and serving as the primary expresser of Church unity as a whole. Together with his pectoral cross, the bishop also wears a small, circular icon of the Savior or of the Mother of God, called the Panagia (All-Holy), or Engolpion, over his heart. All authority of the lower orders of clergy is derived from the bishop. The title patriarch is reserved for the primate of certain of the autocephalous Orthodox churches. And, as geo-political factors continued to push Italy and the Eastern empire in separate directions, relations between individual popes and patriarchs became more sterile and distant--indeed, between the ninth and fifteenth century there are only one or two occasions where a Roman bishop and an Ecumenical Patriarch ever met in person. In a few cases, a bishop came to preside over a number of dioceses, i.e., Rome, Antioch, and Alexandria. During the sixth century, Byzantine armies conquered the Italian peninsula, returning the city of Rome to the imperial Roman government, now centered in Constantinople. At the conclusion of Byzantine influence in papal elections in the eighth century, the election of Roman bishops returned, again, to local considerations. He is a citizen and permanent resident of the United States. He has never been convicted of any crime and enjoys the unqualified respect and high regard of his fellow parishioners. Web42 (founded) 381 (granted title of patriarch) Coptic icon of Saint Mark the Evangelist, the apostolic founder of the Church of Alexandria, and the first Primate of Alexandria. Biography of His All Holiness Patriarch Bartholomew, Frequently Asked Questions about the Ecumenical Patriarch, The Ecumenical Patriarchate: A Brief note on its history and its role in the world today, His All-Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew: 25 Years of Faithful Ministry, Congressional Gold Medal Ceremony Honoring His All Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew, Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew Head Of The Holy Orthodox Church, World Leader For Peace And Reconciliation, 8 East 79th Street New York, NY 10075 The bishop wears a monastic garment called a mantiya when he arrives at a divine service. AXIOS! After ascending the Ecumenical Throne in 1991, he journeyed throughout the Orthodox and non-Orthodox world bringing a message of restoration and renewed hope. In most cases, the new pope was chosen from among the city's clergy and was typically either the eldest priest or the eldest deacon. This symbolizes his rule over a city and the eagle reminds the bishop that by his teaching and life he must rise above his flock and be an example of one hopeful to the things of heaven. Missionaries sent by the Church of Constantinople evangelised the Slavs in the ninth and tenth centuries and established dioceses throughout the Balkans and the Russian lands. As a citizen of Turkey, Patriarch Bartholomews personal experience provides him a unique perspective on the continuing dialogue among the Christian, Islamic and Jewish worlds. News of an election would circulate throughout the Christian world but that news flow would have been too slow to enable high-ranking Church officials from the East to travel to Rome for the event. The title patriarch is reserved for the primate of certain of the autocephalous Orthodox churches. In the Orthodox Church, from about the sixth century, it has been the rule that bishops are single men or widowers. [contradictory][citation needed] This office has historically held the title of Pope"" (papas), which means "Father" in Greek and Copticsince Pope Heraclas of Alexandria, the 13th Alexandrine Bishop (227248), was the first to associate "Pope" with the title of the Bishop of Alexandria. Candidates who are passionate in their desire to serve the needs of the Ecumenical Patriarchate, and fight for its religious freedom, may do so by the Candidate CredentialsForm. He has demonstrated love, devotion and support to the Ecumenical Patriarchate and its institutions. Patriarchal Vicars are not members of the Holy Synod, and do not answer to the Holy Synod. Nevertheless, there are distinctions of administrative rank among bishops. He is a practicing and devout Orthodox Christian and a member in good standing of his local Church. The bishop thus serves (in place and as a type of Christ) in the Church. His full titles are Pope and Archbishop of the Great City of Alexandria and Patriarch of all Africa, the Holy Orthodox and Apostolic See of Saint Mark the Evangelist (Egypt, Libya, Nubia, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea and all Africa) and Successor of St. Mark the Evangelist, Holy Apostle and Martyr, on the Holy Apostolic Throne of the Great City of Alexandria. They have the responsibility of maintaining the unity of the Church throughout the world by insuring the truth and unity of the faith and practice of their diocese. Additionally, Jerusalem was recognized at the Council of Chalcedon as one of the major sees. [1], The Alexandrian episcopate was revered as one of the three major episcopal sees (along with Rome and Antioch) before Constantinople or Jerusalem were granted similar status (in 381 and 451, respectively). Chapter III deals with issues related to the nomination of the Pope as represented in Articles 8-12. With the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks in 1453 the Great Church found itself in extraordinarily reduced circumstances as a captive to its Moslem overlords. These endeavours, together with his inspiring efforts on behalf of religious freedom and human rights, rank Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew among the worlds foremost apostles of love, peace and reconciliation for humanity, a reason for which he was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal by the U.S. Congress. [citation needed] In the sixth century, these five archbishops were formally granted the title of "patriarch" and were subsequently known as the Pentarchy. According to Church Law, bishops of an area must meet in councils. It also conferred a specific number of votes to laity in each diocese commensurate with the number of clergy in that diocese. The Patriarch is a living witness to the world of Orthodoxys painful and redemptive struggle for religious freedom and to the innate dignity of humankind. Article IX, Section 3 of the Bylaws of the Order of St. He works to advance reconciliation among Catholic, Muslim and Orthodox communities, such as in former Yugoslavia, and is supportive of peace building measures to diffuse global conflict in the region. At times during the services, the bishop blesses the faithful with two candlesticks, one with two candles called dikiri and the other with three called trikiri, the first symbolizing the two natures of Christ, the other symbolizing the three persons of the Holy Trinity. Finally, if the nomination process produced only one nominee for whatever reason, he would be immediately enthroned as Patriarch according to the will of God without election or altar lot. Certain individuals and institutions are presented for reference purposes only and may not be under the supervision or jurisdiction of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese. No bishop in Orthodoxy is considered infallible. It hangs down in front and back, and symbolizes the wandering sheep which Christ took upon his shoulders as the Good Shepherd. Saint Ignatius the God-bearer of Antioch went so far as to state that "he who acts without the bishop's knowledge is in the devil's service.". As for nuns, the new regulations permit ten percent of the nuns of each convent to participate in the process. In this context, which lasted from the mid-sixth century until the loss of Byzantine influence in Italy in the eighth century, the election of a new Roman bishop required the approval of the Byzantine emperor (the same, of course, was true of the election of a new Ecumenical Patriarch). In 692, the Quinisext Council formally recognized and ranked the sees of the Pentarchy in order of preeminence, at that time Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem. And it is significant for reasons far beyond its novelty. The Ecumenical Patriarch has the historical and theological responsibility to initiate and coordinate actions among the Churches of Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, Russia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Georgia, Cyprus, Greece, Poland, Albania, The Czech Land and Slovakia, Ukraine, Finland, Estonia, and numerous archdioceses in the old and new worlds. It states, The Pope of Alexandria and the Patriarch of the See of St. Mark for the Coptic Orthodox is the bishop of Alexandria and Cairo, and because he is the bishop of the great city of Alexandria, he is the Archbishop of the Episcopate of St. Mark according to the canons of the Holy Council of Nica.In light of this definition, the regulations confirm that the choice of the Patriarch, the Archbishop of the Episcopate of St. Mark, is essentially the choice of the bishop of Alexandria. The word pope derives from the Greek "father". The following is a list of all the incumbents Bishops receive the gift of the Holy Spirit to manifest Christ in the Spirit to men. Cross, F. L., ed. What is Orthodox Christianity? He alone forgives sins and offers communion with God, his Father. Phone: (212) 570-3500Contact, Download VCFJoin our Mailing ListsDonate. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarch_of_Constantinople AXIOS! Article 2 specifies that the Presidential Decree for the choice of the Patriarch is only an accreditation of the religious choice made by the Church through the providence of God in a public altar lot that occurs in Egypt between three nominees elected by the clergy and representatives of the laity. At services in the Slavic traditions, the bishop stands on a small round or oval rug, called orlets, upon which is represented an eagle hovering over a city. The title patriarch was first applied to the original three major sees of Rome, Alexandria, and Antioch, and shortly after extended to include Constantinople and Jerusalem (cf. The Ordination of Deacon Gabriel Iskander! This page has been accessed 105,555 times. Through the sacrament of holy orders bishops give order to the Church. Under such an arrangement, papal elections took longer but there still would be no reason for an Eastern Patriarch to travel to Rome for the installation. We invite you to prayerfully consider sharing the resources given to you by God with a donation to the Archdiocese. This video was produced on the occasion of the 25th Anniversary of His All-Holiness Bartholomew as Ecumenical Patriarch. But such work requires a first step and it would appear as though Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew is willing to take such a step. Since 1586 the Ecumenical Patriarchate has had its headquarters in the relatively modestChurch of St Georgein thePhanar district of Istanbul (as Constantinople is now called). [5], All denominations acknowledge the succession of church leaders until the time of the Second Council of Ephesus of 449 and the Council of Chalcedon in 451, which gave rise to the non-Chalcedonian Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria and the Chalcedonian Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria. "Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople", Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia, Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea, List of ecumenical patriarchs of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, Population exchange between Greece and Turkey, "Quick facts about the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople", "Mount Athos Home Page Athos Map Political Situation", Press Release for the election of Bishop Basil of Amphipolis, "Turkey Divided in Ravenna, Russian and Estonian Orthodox to talk", "Orthodox Leader Deepens Progressive Stance on Environment", "Learn about the Controversial Theory of Environmental Determinism", "September 1: Greek Orthodox Day of Prayer on the Environment", EU Draft Report on Turkey's Progress Towards Accession 2006/2118 (INI). OED Online. The Orthodox presence in Turkey itself is small; however the majority of Orthodox inNorthAmericaare under the Ecumenical Patriarchate, primarily in theGreek Diaspora but also in the Albanian,Rusynand Ukrainian jurisdictions which are part of the Patriarchate. The new regulations reflect several ecclesiastical canons, which prohibit transferring a bishop from one diocese to another, such as Canon 15 of the Ecumenical Council of Nica, Canon 21 of the Council of Antioch of 341 A.D., Canon 1 of the Council of Sardica of 347 A.D., the canons of Pope Mikhail, the 46th Pope of Alexandria (c. 744-768 A.D.), and the decision of the Holy Synod of 1873 A.D. on this matter. Its canonical territory currently includes most of modernTurkey, northern Greece andMount Athos, theDodecaneseandCrete. In the Greek tradition, all diocesan bishops of autocephalous churches such as the Church of Greece (the bishop of Patras being Metropolitan) are now metropolitans, and an archbishop holds his title as an indication of greater importance for whatever reason. Certain individuals and institutions are presented for reference purposes only and may not be under the supervision or jurisdiction of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese. The new regulations confirmed that the final list of nominees for Patriarch must include 5-7 candidates.They also provide for special circumstances in case the election could not take place with the requisite five candidates (e.g., the departure or withdrawal of one or more candidates). WebHis All-Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew is the 270th successor of the Apostle Andrew and leader of the Orthodox Church that numbers 300 million faithful throughout Bishops who are assigned a title of ancient dioceses that no longer function are called titular bishops. The Patriarchate also enjoys a significant presence in Australia and the United Kingdom, again primarily through the Greek Diaspora. But that characterization is almost certainly wrong--this is quite likely the first time in history that a Bishop of Constantinople will attend the installation of a Bishop of Rome. In the Greek traditions, bishops are often vested at the altar. Within its jurisdiction, during its most flourishing period, were included about 108 bishops; its territory embraced the six provinces of Libya Superior, Libya Inferior, the Thebaid, Egypt, Heptanomis, and Augustamnica. Patriarch (Greek: patriarches, Latin: patriarcha) is the specific title given to the primate of certain of the autocephalous Orthodox churches. The Orthodox Observer places the Church in the context of the current world we live in through a diverse and informative experience offering participants meaningful exchange with the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America, her ministries, and affiliates. The experience provides the faithful significant content to listen to, watch, and read; in order to lead, grow, and inspire. This Canon also gave the Church of Constantinople direct jurisdiction over the provinces of Pontus, Asia and Thrace and the right to ordain bishops for the barbarian lands beyond. Chapter IV deals with the registration of voters in the nomination process as represented in Articles 13-18. Significance for some churches now may be more historical than actual. Andrei Kordochkin conducts a religion service at the Russian Cathedral of Saint Mary Magdalene in Madrid, Spain, Saturday, Christ remains with his Church as its living and unique head. Prior to the sixth century, the election of a Roman bishop was a local affair. The Church of Russia became autocephalous (independent) in 1448 and was raised to the status of a Patriarchate by Constantinople in 1589. How can the candidate advance the cause of the Ecumenical Patriarchate? The Latin Patriarch of Alexandria was head of the titular Patriarchal See of Alexandria of the Catholic Church, established by Pope Innocent III. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The information contained on the website of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America is for informational purposes only. Members of the Holy Synod discussed and voted on each article separately until the new regulations were approved. 2023Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. As Ecumenical Patriarch he transcends every national and ethnic group on a global level and today is the spiritual leader of approximately 250 million faithful world-wide. Canons 9 and 17 of the same Synod granted the Church of Constantinople the right to adjudicate as the final court appeal in ecclesiastical disputes emanating from outside the regions in its direct jurisdiction. The Antiochian tradition also uses the style metropolitan archbishop to differentiate from metropolitan bishops in the Greek tradition. The current patriarchates of the Orthodox Church are the four ancient [6][7][8][9][10] By the sixth century, this was also the normal practice in the imperial chancery of Constantinople. It demonstrates in unprecedented fashion the extent to which the Ecumenical Patriarch considers the relationship with the Roman Catholic Church to be a priority. Russian Orthodox Priest the Rev. There were a few exceptions, but this was the typical pattern. Article 1 of the new regulations specify that they are used to choose the spiritual leadership of the Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt and abroad, and as such, regulate a uniquely religious decision, as opposed to political or otherwise. This is to remind him that he must always bear in his heart our Lord and his Holy Mother, and thus his own heart must be pure. 2023Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America. Here are a few important points concerning the new regulations. If it was impossible to reach three nominees for whatever reason, the altar lot would choose the Patriarch from the two candidates who received the most votes in the preceding election. WebA candidate's form must be endorsed by their Hierarch, Priest, a Nominating Archon and an Endorsing Archon. On the basis of Canon 28 of Chalcedon, Constantinople also claims jurisdiction over all areas outside the canonically defined territories of other Orthodox churches, which includes the entireWestern hemisphere,Oceania, theUnited Kingdom,Western Europe,Northeast Asia,Southeast Asia. By the third canon of this council, afterwards confirmed by the twenty-eighth canon of the Council of Chalcedon (451), the Patriarch of Constantinople, supported by imperial authority and by a variety of concurring advantages, was given the right of precedency over the Patriarch of Alexandria. The current territory of the Patriarchate is significantly reduced from what it was at its height. It prohibits the nomination of metropolitans and diocesan bishops except if it is an absolute necessity in conformity with the ecclesiastical canons. The word patriarch began to be applied gradually to Christian dignitaries as technical terms of titles of honor during the early Christian centuries. WebAt present there are nine Orthodox patriarchates: Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, Moscow, Georgia, Serbia, Romania, and Bulgaria. The Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America, with its headquarters located in the City of New York, is an Eparchy of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, The mission of the Archdiocese is to proclaim the Gospel of Christ, to teach and spread the Orthodox Christian faith, to energize, cultivate, and guide the life of the Church in the United States of America according to the Orthodox Christian faith and tradition. In addition, the nominating Archonshould assess the Archon candidate in the context of the following concerns: After all completed nominations are received, the National Council will review the nominations and submit worthy candidates to Archbishop Elpidophoros of America, the Exarch of the Ecumenical Patriarchate who will review each candidate and then submit the final list to His All-Holiness Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew for Patriarchal approval. Chapter V deals with the regulations of the nomination process as represented in Articles 19-25. In his person, Patriarch Bartholomew represents the memory of the life and sacrifice of the martyred Orthodox Church of the 20th Century. With all of this in mind, His All-Holiness' decision to travel to Rome for Pope Francis' installation as Roman bishop is an extraordinary event in the history of Christianity. It is the same definition mentioned in Article 49 and based on Canon 6 of the Ecumenical Council of Nica. Bishops are also usually in at least the first degree of monastic orders. The Committee held several meetings to examine the previous experiences of electing the Pope and the regulations of 1957, which needed revision. The first hierarch of the other autocephalous churches are styled metropolitan or archbishop. "Oecumenical Patriarch." In the Orthodox Church, from about the sixth century, it has been the rule that bishops are He may or may not have auxiliary bishops assisting him. Amid the crush of news reports in the past month that followed Pope Benedict's unprecedented resignation from the papacy, one of the most intriguing was the decision by His All-Holiness, Ecumenical Patriarch Bartholomew, to attend Pope Francis' installation as Bishop of Rome. Most noted are his efforts in environmental awareness, which have earned him the title Green Patriarch. He has organized environmental seminars in co-sponsorship with the late Prince Philip, and international environmental symposia on Patmos (1995) and around the Black Sea (1997).

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